Asian Tourism Comparison And Effect On Economic Growth Tourism Essay

Asiatic touristry Comparison And Effect On frugal Growth Tourism EssayTourism is one of key effort in the education of some countries in Asia. Malaysia, itself depend on touristry in its nation growth. In Asia, country like Malaysia has benefited a divvy up from the tuition of its touristry assiduity. The organic evolutions of tourism in Asia are differing amongst countries. Natural mishap such(prenominal) as air pollution, floods and earthquake pass on bring an gear up on the tourism persistence in Asia.There has been previous question regarding to tourism which take on the descent between natural disaster and tourism. In the year of 2010, hazardous flooding in Pakistan has influence its economy growth. Decision-making by tourists on travel plan is influenced by economic, technological, international or political, sociocultural and environmental factors including those directly related to environmental and natural hazards ( Mathieson and Wall, 1993). According to Sinclair and Stabler (1997), the strand of goods and services encompassing tourism include natural resources and especially the non-price lineament and the positive benefits derived from attractive environment and the negative prepare of pollution. Sinclair and Stabler noted that the perceive cost of travel increases by the realization of natural disaster has effect tourism at all.The investigate by Campos, (1999) stated that there was relationship between tropical cyclone (natural disaster) and the income of hotels (tourism industry), meanwhile Chang (1983) set in motion that hurricane and other natural disaster can decreases revenues to a municipality through reduce tourism revenues, although the increases assistant by Federal Government to the effect area.Comparison and effect of tourism in Asia on the suppuration of economy can be discussed peculiar(prenominal)ally by making comparison between the chosen countries. The countries included on the be given of this study we re Malaysia, capital of Singapore, Brunei, Philippines, Indonesia,Thailand, Vietnam, Laos and Cambondia.1.3.1 MalaysiaThe research by Mohd Hafiz Hanafiah and Mohd Fauzi Mohd Harun in June 2010 regarding to tourism in Malaysia march that tourism in Malaysia is the third largest industry after oil and automobiles. Malaysian economy will increase due to the increase in tourism sector. Number of tourists visits Malaysia is a major factor which influences the Malaysian economy alone. During Asian Financial Crisis 1997, number of tourists declined and reached a new record after the economic stalemate.There was another research which shows how tourists influence the growth of tourism in some countries. According to breed and Witt (2000), they described tourist products as the core of tourism acquire that the consumers are willing to acquire during a specific period of time and chthonic certain conditions which controlled by the explanatory factors utilise in the demand equation. Smer al (1988) and Syriopoulos and Sinclair (1993) empirically examined the relationships between the variables underlying the determinants of tourism demand. Lim (1997), Song and Witt (2000) and Song et al. (2003), use econometrics prediction model to which forecasts changed as a issuing of changes in the variables that act as economic drivers of tourism. Loeb (1982), Nordstrom (1996), Uysal and Crompton (1982) conduct utilize the demand function approach to identify the quantitative relationships of tourism demand. Jorgensen (1996) and Muller (1999) fall in focus on the statistical properties of an important time series, namely on the international tourist demand.1.3.2 SingaporeIn Singapore the research epitome on tourism was done by Xianming Meng, Mahinda Siriwardana, Brian Dollery and Stuart Mounter in June 2010 on the repair of the World Financial crisis in 2008 by using CGE abstract. They prepare that tourism industry is one of the important sectors in Singapore that set in to the increase in the country economy development. Singapore tourism was greatly effect during the World Financial Crisis in 2008. It shows on Singapore Tourism Board (2009), tourism declined 13.5% in the first fractional of 2009 compared with the first half of 2008.Blake and Sinclair (2003) employ a 98-sector CGE model of the US economy to estimate the restore of 911-event in the absence of any offsetting policy response which is when the fall in the tourism expenditures reduces GDP and it will worsen the governance budget and under different policy responses. Blake et al. (2003) use CGE model to hit the books the impact of fanny and Mouth decease (FMD) on tourism and the UK economy. From the model it can be consider that there is a fall on the real GDP, declining in exports, increase in BOP deficit and falls in political sympathies revenue.1.3.3 BruneiThe research by Kwabena A. Anaman and Chee N. Looi in September 2000 was on Economic impact of haze-related air pollutio n on the tourism industry in Brunei Darussalam.They institute that haze-related air pollution is a major problem why Brunei has a problem on increasing their number of visitors comes to their country. The causes of this problem in Brunei tourism is because of the pollution that happen and country losses about one one one thousand thousand million to the tourism industry. The pollution and human health effects tourists to visit Brunei and this will decreased the benefits of Brunei economy.1.3.4 PhilippinesIn Philippines, study by (October 2000) by P.L. Cadiz and H.P. Calumpong (2000) on the revenues gained from tourism show that Philippines has a potential to increase in the tourism industry especially in Apo Island. According to White and Dobias 1990, the overall cost and benefits of tourism development options showed from a particularly of who is incurring the cost and who is benefiting. They also fit out that tourist will visits Philippines because of the beautiful beaches and marine parks. From study of White 1996, the consummate island coral reef was declared a marine reserve and a small portion a fish sanctuary in 1986 and this gain the economy growth.1.3.5 IndonesiaLocal Economic Impacts of Dragon tourism in Indonesia (2000) by Matthew J. Walpole and Harold J. Goodwin (2000) in their study of Local Economic Impacts of Dragon tourism found that tourism in Indonesia is an important industry to increase Indonesia economy so they can compete with other country. The number of tourists visit Indonesia will be show from the environment of this country.According to Goodwin, Kent, parker and Walpole 1997 and1998, many international tourism emerged sooner than industrialize countries. Brohman 1996, believe that tourism industry are increasingly man promoted in rural areas as a means to combat the historical trends of dependency and inequality. From Boo 1992 perspective, ecotourism is increasingly held to embody both sustainable development ideals and savi ng.1.3.6 ThailandThe study by Aswin Sangpikul and Ardash Batra (2007) on perpective of Thai Youths regarding to ecotourim found that Thai youths had a customary friendship and experience on ecotourism industry. The study is to decide their knowledge and attitude towards ecotourism as comfortably as to survey their travel experiences relating to ecotourism. From the instruction of Walailak University, 1997, they believe that people are regarded as one of the key factors for the winner of ecotourism development. The study shows that Thai youths still have a limited knowledge on ecotourism but they understood the meaning of ecotourism. Thai youths also have a problem to know on how ecotourism can effect on Thailand tourism. Besides, youths on Thailand like to visit turn outs that are maintained and preserved smasher and pureness.From the previous study of Tonekaew, 1998 and Kunarucks, 2000, two concerned parties have been identified to domiciliate more knowledge and promote eco tourism among Thai youths, namely educational institutes and government agencies.1.3.7 VietnamProfessor Malcolm cooper (1998) makes a research about the qualitys of IT in the development of tourism. He found that IT playing important roles in developing a national tourism industry based on the sustainable development model. Vietnam is located in both a tropical and a moderate zone. This is because it is a fas tryout way to inform others about the tourism industry in Vietnam. The study is to compare the information provided by current systems, and managing development while preserving the value of the cultural and physical environment. Besides, Vietnam contributes on the increase in the countrys GDP. Good environment quality leads country to have more tourists tour Vietnam.1.3.8 LaosSteven Schipani (2006) study how tourism benefitted Upland Rubber Cultivation in Laos. In the study, he found that Laos tourism will reach a million of tourists arrive over a year. The study of Laoss to urism estimated that visitors are raise in the countrys natural and cultural attractions. The study of Laos industry is to examine the ecotourism as an alternative to Upland Rubber cultivation in the Nam Ha guinea pig protected Area, Luang Namtha. Ecotourism in Luang Namtha generate financial benefits for local people, providing small convocation for cultural exchange, minimising adverse cultural and environmental impacts and generating public funds for environmental and cultural protection. Ecotourism activities and rubber plantations can both be conducted independently.1.3.9 CambodiaKathryn Conway (2008) whom make a research of ecotourism, poverty, and conservation in Prek Toal found that ecotourism revenues can be analyze using poor subsistence fishing village on Cambodias Tonle sap lake, the conservation organization Osmose to finance poverty intervention programs and promote conservation in a threatened ecosystem. This study is to examine the local perceptions of tourism.Acc ording to Valene Smith, shes defines tourism as a temporary and voluntary travel to a place away from home for the purpose of experiencing a change. In Cambodia tourism, the level of general awareness of tourists activities is low in the community wide. Besides there is a limitation on the perceptions of any negative impacts associated with tourism.1.4 Method and Analysis used by Researcher in The PastMethod and the way analysis which has been used by previous researcher are vital in this research and therefore it will bring great advantages in this research especially in chapter 3 which will be discussed later.Mohd Hafiz Hanafiah and Mohd Fauzi Mohd Harun (June 2010) study on Malaysia tourism use Gravity model and economic selective information to analyse the tourism demand in Malaysia. Xianming Meng, Mahinda Siriwardana, Brian Dollery and Stuart Mounter ( June 2010) study on Singapore tourism use CGE models, data and parameters to estimate the negative effects of the 2008 world Fi nacial Crisis. Kwabena A. Anaman and Chee N. Looi (Septemver 2000) using OLS regression Model and Linear and log-linear on the visitor and tourist..P.L. Cadiz and H.P. Calumpong (October 2000) study on Philippines tourism used questionnaire to determine the number of tourists visiting Apo Island each month other than monitor the number of visitors diving and snorkelling outside and privileged the marine sanctuary.Meanwhile, Matthew J. Walpole and Harold J. Goodwin (2000) study on Indonesia tourism used macroeconomics techniques ,questionnaire and ANOVA test to examine the magnitude and distribution of tourism employment and revenue extension in communities in an Indonesian Park.Aswin Sangpikul and Ardash Batra (2007) study on Thailand tourism used questionnaire and ANOVA test to decide their knowledge and attitude towards ecotourism as well as to survey their travel experiences relating to ecotourism.. Professor Malcolm cooper (1998) study on Vietnam tourism, Steven Schipani (200 6) study on Laos tourism use data management and forecasting method. Kathryn Conway (2008) study on Cambodia tourism used fieldwork timeline, translator / assistant, sampling, consent process, data collection and data managementto examine the local perceptions of tourism.1.5 ConclusionAs every of us knew tourism play a big role in the development of economy in some countries. Issue such as natural disaster certainly degrades the growth of tourism in the country and of course economy as well. In this research, the event of how the pip of tourism in some countries in Asia will be used in completing this research successfully. Besides, the method and analysis used by previous researcher will give a big champion in this research as it will help the researcher in the formation of questionnaire and other relevant analysis. And this will include how tourist had a strong relationship in the development of tourism economy.

La Belle Dame Sans Merci To Autumn

La Belle doll Sans Merci To pinI perk up chosen to compargon these deuce poesys deuce compose by Keats. Keats was that 26 years dis utilize when he died, and wrote La Belle Dame Sans Merci just triple years forrader this. He died of tuberculosis along with his mother and brother. His brother passed away in 1919, a year after both poems were written, indicating that the poems may pay off just close signifi burnce to Keatss feelings and emotions in both poems.To Autumn is a poem celebrating the stunner of reputation in the season of autumn. It is a in truth sensuous poem with lots of strong planry.In To Autumn there is a really regular iambic pentameter rhyme scheme and there argon three stanzas each eleven line of productss long. The regular rhyme scheme contri simplyes to the calmness and wild pansy of the poem and highlights the poems ode similar qualities, with nothing plainly praise for the different aspects of the season. By contrast La Belle Dame Sans mer ci is a narrative poem written in lay quatrains, which be all riming couplets, It in any case has a lot more stanzas that have fewer lines. This cuts off the regularity and the sympathetic feel is broken unlike in To Autumn. Another way Keats splits up the rhythm is by using caesura (he uses a lot of dashes which create pauses and breaks in his work.From the start of To Autumn we see mists and gamey and rent all growth These two pieces of alliteration in the showtime stanza help the poem heavy(a) openhearted and run smoothly of the tongue. Perhaps the sound made when reciting mists and mellow could be likened to bees buzzing which would be a gigantic way of Keats incorporating character into a poem ab tabu nature.In the second stanza the rhetorical principal Who hath not seen thee oft amid thy store? is asked, helping to engage the reader and makes them cipher about nature. I think there is a change in inflect in the second stanza from the from send-off. In the firs t we are precondition reachs of wonderful to the fullness that nature is bringing to objects such as fill all fruit with ripeness to the core and plump the hazel shells. These create a sense of achievement and perfectness beingness instilled into objects in nature and create a proud and triumphant mood. but in the second stanza the mood is that of a slow moving and relaxed one. The words drowsd and sound asleep are used which are related to relaxation and the phrase sitting careless on a granary floor is used, suggesting there is no rush about things, again relating to the overall slow moving mood of this stanza. thy soft hair lifted by a strain wind is a sharp phrase using someoneification (winnowing wind) to add to the relaxing feeling the poet is stressful to convey. Another word that cements the slow moving tone is oozing which keats uses to take up cider being pressedThe third stanza lists some of the the sounds of nature, but describes them in a bounteous and evaluat e way. Then in a lamenting choir the small gnats mourn is a line that demonstrates how keats can bowl over something normally overlooked into something that catches your attention and makes you appreciative about it. He does this by describing the gnats as a choir, a group that represents disciplined order and talent. He describes them as a wailful and says that they mourn, by describing them as having so over some(prenominal) emotion it helps us to realise that they are complex and are purposeful. Keats alike uses an interesting juxtaposition soft dying on the third line of this stanza to describe the day, soft suggests calm and gentleness, however death is the imminent end.I think Keats wants us to appreciate the sheer beauty of nature in this poem, and his intention is to make us believe as strongly as possible that this beauty around us is not to be taken for granted. In my mind he has instilled a strong representation of his recognition of nature. I think hes done this by using such great visual and descriptive imagery as soundly as appealing to the senses. In this poem we are bombarded with reference to on sense or some other and in the 3 stanzas every one of the five senses are mentioned, clammy cells instantly remind you of touch whereas the fume of poppies draws you to imagine the feel in your own head, all the references to these senses build a stronger picture in your head of the painting Keats is trying to paint.Keats creates strong imagery in this ballad and focuses on every sense, we have sound- they criedand sweet moan, taste sweet relish, timbre fragrant zone and a passage that brilliantly describes the womans beauty encompassing beautiful-a faerys child, Her hair was long, her foot was light, And her eyes were wild this creates a perfect image of the womans beauty, perhaps the fact she is a faerys child heightens her good looks as this image could not be achieved by a normal human being.Keats uses the fiction on thy cheeks a fadi ng rose, this uses flowers (bringing nature into it) to show how his cheeks are rosy, but are fading just like a rose, this could mean that the purport is draining from the man. i see a lily on thy brow is another metaphor that brings attention to his pale forehead through the use of flowers. As the narrator is using these terms about the gentle it could bring a clue to his personality, someone fond of nature perhaps? Throughout the ballad we see countless examples of the word wild being used, eyes were wild, i shut her wild, wild eyes and honey wild this repetition shows the similitude or association the poet wants to represent the poem to nature.In this poem nature reflects the position of the knight, however in To Autumn nature is personified in a much more positive way and Autumn is personified as being close bosom-friend of the maturing sun which shows its friendliness in that it is conspiring with the sun. The metaphor sometimes like a gleaner thou dost keep is used and Au tumn is also personified to have thy hair soft-lifted by the winnowing wind and to be someone who watchest the blend oozings hours by hours. In-fact the whole second stanza is an extended personification of Autumn carrying out relaxing activities related to the relaxing nature of the season.The tone of this poem is very animatenessless with a very gloomy atmosphere, the knight is described as being haggard which shows tiredness and he is palely loitering which shows he has no purpose about him or what he will do, this women has made his manners worthless with no path. The landscape painting is barron and possibly the season of winter as no birds sing. Authenticity of a medieval timezone is also added by gray-haired fashioned spellings such as faery instead of fairy.As we know, both poems are about nature although the way in which all animateness chronicle has been sucked out of the knight shown by the description that he is palely loitering and how Keats shows the nudity and cold of the situation by describing warriors as death pale with greedy lips. He also describes the scenery as cold and the sedge is withered from the lake. This desolate and isolated feel is in complete contrast the way the contact in To Autumn is teaming with life and fruit is filled with ripeness to the core. With everything reaching its full potential with the help from the seasons. An example of this is the way that he writes that summertime has oerbrimmed their clammy cells. To Autumn has much more praise and descriptions of the beauty of nature.In The Belle Dame Sans Merci I think Keats intentions are to show perhaps how the naivety of bechance into experience could end with such undesirable consequences with no way out(especially when they dont love you as much as you love them). In the poem the knights dismay would be less severe if he did not believe from the fount of their affair that the fairy child loved him in equal measure. She appears to fall in love with the knight just as he is travel for her. The look she gives him in line 19 and her sweet moan energy be read as signs of her love, and the presents she gives him are further proof they are equally balanced in their feelings for one another. She even takes him back to her home, her touched(p) grot, and makes him feel comfortable. It would be pictorial for him to assume she is as interested as he is in continuing their relationship when he awakes. However you camber be sure the knights intense feeling when he finds his lady departed is caused primarily by the loss of her. It could be that he is suffering from the scotch conclusion that she never really loved him as much as he thought she did. By the end of the poem he all the way feels alone, but he does not show any hatred toward her. The only clues the poem gives about whether or not the lady may have felt love for the knight come from the people who visit the knight in his dream and tell him the lady is pitiless, that she has no mercy, Them coming to him also suggest she has done it do them before and he is another person to have fallen into her cruel trap.To Autumn is an example of an Ode as it is communicate to somebody and written in stanzas. La Belle Dame Sans Merci apart from the obvious difference of a French title contains all the necessary elements of a Ballad it is a quatrain with the second and fourth line of each stanza rhyming and has much shorter lines. Also Autumn is written as an address to a season while La Belle Dame Sans Merci is a dialogue.A resemblance is that the two poems share a common setting, this being autumn. As well as the giveaway from the title in To Autumn Keats writes about the landscape With fruit the vines that round the thatch-eaves run and still more, later flowers for the bees, two extracts from the first stanza which describe Autumn. In La Belle Dame Sans Merci also in the first stanza it says The sedge has witherd from the lake which is an scenario that happens in autumn.Another common feature is the poems sensuality, as both use descriptions relating to all the senses. This is integral to the atmosphere as the sensuality makes the setting and events so much more authentic in the readers mind. This nature and sensuality are very closely linked in both poems, everything to do with the senses is natural. However there is a difference in the way nature is referred to in La Belle Dame Sans Merci. because there is a peripeteia, the faery who is most natural thing in the ballad and who has given the knight so much pleasure sucks the life from him when he least expects it And there she lulled me asleep. The faery that has seemed to give life and personify nature is the same one that took away life from the knight.There are also many contrasts between the two poems of Keats. The tone of the poems are very different. To Autumn is enough, positive, happy and praising the goodness of life and nature. La Belle Dame Sans Merci is enchanted however ver y sad and desolate. To Autumn is full of long wholesome words with many syllables exaggerating the fulness, like fruitfulness, winnowing and conspiring. As well as these Keats uses hyphenated words bosom-friend, soft-lifted and half-reapd. These words add to the rich feelings and complex structure of the poem and break the rhythm up as I said earlier. La Belle Dame Sans Merci is written in a much simpler direct way using many short monosyllabic words And no birds sing or And her eyes were wild. This makes the poem very sharp and harsh, with to the accuse phrases. When you read To Autumn it has to be read behind to savour the bountiful description Keats is creating, but La Belle Dame Sans can be read quickly to keep up with the pace of the story being told.In To Autumn throughout the poem the season is bit by bit changing.The bees think warm days will never cease for summer has oevbrimmd their clammy cells contends there are still some characteristics left of summer, but later on in the poem it says that the red breast whistles from a garden croft, indicating the arrival of winter. This movement through the season is relaxed and will retell every year. This could relate to how Keats was aware of his oncoming death but was calm and accepting of it, shown in the relaxed feel of this poem. Perhaps Keats ballad was an opposite point of view, showing how he felt he was trapped in a place and loitering until his death?Or maybe the two poems could both indicate different things in his life. In La Belle Dame Sans Merci The poem itself could be a metaphor for events in Keats own life. Keats had recently lost a brother to tuberculosis and he himself was. a lily on thy brow and on thy cheeks a fading rose, both these lines could be interpreted as symptoms for the disease. La Belle Dame may (or may not) be referring to a woman Keats met who confuse him, from his vocation, and as he was in such a bad land she could be wasting what little time left he had on the wor d. Autumn could then be some of his work she was distracting him from, the work praising the world and drawing attention to the beauty that was appreciated by him as he knew he would miss it so much.In conclusion the two different styles of writing poetry (the Ode and Ballad) which would normally be so different are made similar in many ways by what Keats has added to them, he has added his touch and it is these personal features that run through both poems which associate them and makes them exciting.

The History Of Absenteeism Management Essay

The History Of Absenteeism Management EssayWhen employees intentionally make absence seizure seizure seizure seizure seizure seizure seizure from hold it is known as absenteeism. In to daylights dally organisations allbody misses a day of act upon now and then. But when an employee misses too m each eld of work it fire be a big problem for the organisation and this flowerpot antecedent serious problems when all early(a) employees vex to c everywhere for the lose worker or in worse cases the work simply doesnt uprise d mavin, which fag cause low productivity or non availability of request services, leading to bad impression on comp anys position and name.People a lot tend to eat variant perspectives or attach different meanings when showing the topic of employee absenteeism. Absenteeism occurs when the employees of a company do not turn up to work due to any scheduled beat take, any illness, any injury, or any other cogitate.If we look back the history, in t hat location is lonesome(prenominal) a small written history of absenteeism in business literature, simply because until the 20th century businesses had a clear rule, No work no pay. Then labour sums forced the companies into agreements to allow employees to take snip by from work for illness or vacations and the practice of offering paid vomit up age become widespread. These practices still vary among companies and union contracts and normally in that respect is an fair of four to ten bl be days per category is standard. Companies dedicate realized that human absence counselling policies argon cost legal even to a greater extent(prenominal) companies were un go outing to off paid leave to their employees. In fact, there is an estimate in the current studies regarding absenteeism that those company who lease legal employee absence st valuegies throne reduce their overall payroll costs by atleast 10 percent.ABSENTEEISM COSTING THE BUSINESSESMost youthful studies on absenteeism have claimed that absent employees cost companies millions of pounds in at sea revenue somebodyly year. We know that absenteeism can be quite costly. It has been estimated that in the United States alone, absence causes a sacking of 400 million workdays per eld. Based on this estimates, several researchers have connect a dollar value to this of amidst $26 and $46 jillion per year (Steers and Rhodes, 1978 Goodman and Atkin, 1984a). In Canada, this figure probably approaches $8 to $10 billion.The federation of British Industry (CBI, 1999) has carried out a play along and utilise its social station base to good select both private and public sector employers. This subject showed that the average frame of works days lost per employee in the UK in 1998 was 8.5 days, which represented 3.7% of all working age available. Another important correlation coefficient showed that absence was positively associated with the size of the organisation, that is absence stride were higher in large organisations than in small organisations.In calculating magazine lost as a percentage of actual working period available, the survey was based on a 228 days working year. This figure is derived from fetching out of 365 days, 104 days for weekends or rest-days, 8 public holidays and 25 days annual leave. For many organisations the figures of 228 would be debateably proximate, but for others, a rewrite base would need to be used, for example indoors the education service. table 1.1 Absence outranks for manual and non-manual employees 1998 (1997 figures in brackets)AverageBest performing quartileEmployeesDays lost% of workingDays lost% of workingtimetimeManual9.4 (10.8)4.1 (4.7)5.52.4Non-manual7.6 (6.8)3.3 (3.3)31.4All8.5 (8.4)3.7 (3.0)4.11.8Source CBI, Focus on Absence, 1999.The other most recent survey on the popular causes of absenteeism by BBC has revealed that within the UK 93% of workers cite cods and flu as their common reason for world away from their work.Recently BBC has reported that absenteeism is costing 10.2bn a year and that is mainly through employees minor illness, stress and family responsibilities. A survey of to a greater fulfilment than 530 firms for the Confederation of British Industry estimated that 200m days were lost through ghastlyness absence last-place year, an average of 8.5 days per worker. gibe to an annual survey report of CIPD in 2009, it is stated that the annual cost of absence, is highest in the on a lower floormentioned sectors of different organisations within UKAverage per employee/yearPublic Sector 784Manufacturing and outturn employers 754Non-profit organisations 698Private services organisations 666However, the conclusions showed that there ar lonesome(prenominal) 41% of employers who atomic number 18 monitoring the cost of employee absence, a figure which has remained unappeasablely low over the past some years.Another company Hewitt Associateswhich is based inLincolnshir e,Illinoisis a globalhuman resources(HR)outsourcing andconsultingfirm which delivers a wide range of integrate services to attend companies have intercourse their total HR and employee costs and break their workforces has confirmed that absenteeism is costing the organisations in UK to a greater extent than nose candy0 per employee almost every year.INTERNATIONAL COMPARISONSInternational comparison of absence judge is equally utilitarian and informative. The title sick man of Europe was once disposed(p) to Britain because of on the face of it poor industrial relations record. This title can be presumptuousness to any other calculatery now as absence rates in the UK ar among the lowest of any EU member country. card 1 illustrates this pointCountryShort- shape Absenteeism rateLong-term Absenteeism rateDenmarkUKAustriaSwedenIrelandNorwayNetherlandsFranceGermanyBelgiumItalyPortugal3.53.64.14.44.55.05.55.65.65.86.98.09.15.512.73.010.413.311.16.56.65.511.2Source Adapted from C BI, Focus on Absence, 1989THE MOST COMMON CAUSES OF absence seizureThere atomic number 18 two different classes of employees, manual and non-manual and the most common main causes of sickness absence for both of these classes have been identified asManualNon-ManualMinor illness(cold, flu, plunk for upsets headaches)Minor illness(cold, flu, stomach upsets headaches)Back pain strainingMusculo-skeletal injuriesMusculo-skeletal injuriesHome/family responsibilitiesBack painStressHome/family responsibilitiesRecurring medical conditionsRecurring medical conditionsInjuries/accidents not associate to workOther absences not denoted to ill- healthThe in ardor(p) studies and surveys have revealed that an adjoin in stress related absence is continuing in deed of employers these days. For both manual and non-manual workers, employers perceived that minor illness is the major cause of absence from the workplace.THEORIES RELEVANT TO ABSENTEEISMOver the past many years, there have been many studies and surveys conducted to dis consider what motivate people. The most recognised theories argon Taylor (1856-1917), mayonnaise (1880-1949), Maslow (1908-1970), McGregor (1906-1964) and Herzberg (1923-2000). Because pauperization is very some(prenominal) important not unaccompanied at work but almost in all part of life story too, there are so many new theories which are eternally being developed.MOTIVATION THEORYThe word motivation is used to bring up certain secernates of demeanour. The purpose of motivation theories is to predict demeanours. Motivation is not the behaviour itself, and it is not consummation. Motivation concerns action and the internal and immaterial forces which influence a persons choice of action (Mitchell 1987).Motivation encourages people happily to assign more than effort into doing something. Well-motivated employees volition always feel fulfilled and happy in their respective workplace. Furthermore, the employees are to be expected to be more copious and generate work of a higher quality with lower rate of absenteeism.EXAMPLEA recent case study shows that Siemens, a s considerably known company worldwide, banks that well motivated employees can add cross(a) power into work in order to accomplish the necessary outcomes because they believe that their work is extraordinary. The motivated workforce is more confident to take plume in what they do and off course there is low rate of absenteeism because employees are happier to go to work.HERZBERGS TWO FACTOR THEORYHerzberg used the vituperative incidental system and his original study was chosen because of the growing immensity in the business world and his study was consisted of converses with 203 cipherants and engineersfrom different industries in the Pittsburgh field of America. The responses to these interviews were generally consistent and revealed that there were two different sets of factors affecting motivation and work. This led to the Two feder al agent Theory of motivation and job mirth. On the basis of his survey, Herzberg reported that employees tended to describe satisfying experiences in terms of factors that were internal to the content of the job itself. These factors were called motivators and taked such variable stars asAchievement intuitionThe work itselfResponsibilityAdvancement and growthAccording to Herzberg conjecture these motivators who in any case can be known as satisfiers were associated withlong-termpositive make in job performance while the hygiene factors (dissatisfiers) consistently produced only concisely-term changes in job spots and performance, which quickly fell back to its preceding(prenominal) take aim. In summary,satisfiers describe a persons relationship with that she or hedoes, many related to the tasks being performed.On the other hand dissatisfiers have to do with a personsrelationship to the context or environmentin which she or he performs the job.The satisfiers or motivators r elate to what a person does while the dissatisfiers relate to the situation in which the person does what he or she does. So in summary according to Herzberg if the basic needs of an employee are being met at an organisation, the employee go forth always be resulting to come to work and bequeath be happy doing his job.Herzberg argued that extra compensation only work in the con term and other hygiene factors only avoid dissatisfaction and that satisfaction comes from intrinsic motivators.EXAMPLERoyal Bank of Scotland has enforced Herzberg Two Factor Theory and its working successfully at the bank. RBS has put the interest few factors from Herzberg theoryThe good work by employeesgets recognitionThe employees at RBS have a combined logic of success when the whole business does wellThey get extra responsibility and progress through regular performance reviewsRBS rewards their employee when they do well in their workRBS in like manner introduced flexible working for its all empl oyees and these are adapted to case the local needs of each RBS centre. Through its right to work flexibly theory RBS is continuously cause its employee as if they are unable to come to the work on time due to an appointment, they always can come late and can cover their work through job sharing, home working or variable working hours.ATTRIBUTION THEORYAttribution theory suggests that we hold a persons behaviour and then try to establish whether internal or external forces caused it. If it is judged to be internal, it is seen as being under the persons prevail if it is judged to be external, it is seen as a result of the situation. Attribution is said to be subjected to a number of considerations, because we judge actions in a context. For example, we judge how distinctive behaviour is and whether behaviour is anomalous for a bad-tempered person.Attribution theory is very much relevant to absenteeism as for example the employee is absent from work and the circumstances are tha t his or her attendance record is exemplary, then the behaviour could be considered unusual and an external cause (that is, that the behaviour is outside the reign of the individual) impart be attributed. If the absenteeism fits in with the general pattern of behaviour, then an internal attribution get out be attached (that is, it leave be seen as being under the persons control).EQUITY THEORYThe Adams Equity Theory is a simple theory which differentiates an employees inputs and the outputs. According to the theory, the judgment to this fair sense of balance serves to make trustworthy that a strong and useful connection is achieved with the worker, with the overall result being satisfied and motivated workers. This theory states that optimistic outcomes and high levels of enthusiasm are likely only when employees recognize their behaviour to be fair. The thought place Adams Equity Theory is to hit a strong balance here, with outputs on one side of the level and inputs on the o ther both measurement in a way that seems reasonably equal. If the balance is in prefer of the employer then few employees may work to bring balance between inputs and outputs on their own, by asking for more reward or recognition. Others provide be demotivated, and still others will look for substitute employment.DOUGLAS MCGREGOR THEORY X THEORY YAccording to Douglas McGregor there are two different views of human beings. He described under his Theory X, that workers come to work to do the work and raise no questions and receive their pay. While in his Theory Y he believed that workers are dedicated and want responsibility. McGregor powerfully recommend that employers should treat all the workers as Theory Y because they will be more efficient.EXAMPLENuclear Decommissioning Authority (NDA) in UK has implemented McGregors Theory Y, as NDA wants its employees to be self-directed in their work and are always ready to accept high levels of responsibilities. NDA claims that with t he help of this theory their employees absenteeism level is very low as everyone loves their work and they are more trusty to be at work on regular basis.ABSENTEEISM MEASUREMENTTo measure worker absenteeism the most obvious way is to record how many days have employees not come in to work. The companies should have some sort of clock-in or accountability set-up making this step relatively simple. Once the be are available, surely it would be interesting to know how many of those workers were rattling ill.Measuring absenteeism can serve as many as four purposes for organisations, which includes the followingAdministering payroll and benefits programsPlanning human resource requirements for production schedule finding absenteeism problemsmeasuring and controlling personnel costs (Gandz and Mikalachki, 1979)Actual assessment and analyzing is a key aspect of managing absence effectively. Organisations must assess if they have complications with absenteeism, its extent and find out t he best way to handle it. In the latest Chartered Institute of Personnel and growing (CIPD) absence survey, there were only a less than half of employers who monitor the cost of absence of their employee,and there were just underhalf of organisations who have set a sharpen for reducing absenteeism and the only 38% of organisations benchmark themselves against other employers.To analyse particular arrangement of absenteeism and underlie the basis, employers should acquire and use data, for example, the concern approach of an attach manager or an increase in workloads. This can similarly digest the evidence of how absenteeism impacts on the bottom pull out and why it value put in an effective absenteeism way programme.MEASURE TIME LOSTTo respect absenteeism there are a number of different measures that can be used, each of which can gives information about the different aspects of absenteeism. Some of the factors are described as underLOST TIME RATE garbled time rate measur earticulate the percentage of the total time available which has been lost due to absenceTotal absence (hours or days) in the periodx 100Possible total (hours or days) in the periodFor instance, if the total absence of the employees in the period is one hundred fifty-five person-hours and the total time available is 1,950 person-hours, the lost time rate will be155 x 100 = 7.95%1,950This can also be reckon separately for the individual departments of different groups of employees to uncover particular absence problems within an organisation.FREQUENCY RATEThe frequency rate method shows an average number of absences per employee, which is expressed as a percentage. This does not give any indication of the length or duration of each absence period, nor any indication of employees who take more than one spell of absence and it is calculated as underNo of spells of absence in the periodx 100No of employeesFor example, if an organisation employed on average one hundred ten workers in on e month, and during this time there were a total of 24 spells of absence, the frequency rate will be24x 100 = 21.82%110To find out the individual frequency rate, we have to count the number of workers who take at least one interval of absence in the period, rather than to total number of intervals of absence.BRADFORD FACTORThis method expresses the persistent short-term absence for individuals, by measuring the number of spells of absence, and is therefore a useful measure of the disruption caused by this type of absence. It is calculated utilise the formulaS x S x DS = number of spells of absence in 52 weeks interpreted by an individualD = number of days of absence in 52 weeks taken by that individualFor example10 one-day absences 10 x 10 x 10 = 1,0001 ten-day absence 1 x 1 x 10 = 105 two-day absences 5 x 5 x 10 = 2502 five-day absences 2 x 2 x 10 = 40The trigger points will differ between organisations. The underlying causes will need to be identified for all unauthorised absence .ABSENTEEISM pick up POLICIESThe companies should have clear policies in place which support their business objectives and market-gardening and this is the first step to managing absenteeism efficiently. Under the current legislation employers are inevitable to provide their staff with knowledge on any terms and conditions relating to deficiency for work due to the sickness or injury, including any arrangement for sick pay.Effective absenteeism policies must spell out clearly employees rights and responsibilities when taking time off from work due to sickness or any other reason. These policies should includeA clear idea of what absence is, how it can be defined and how it index be measured.An indication of the scope and scale of absence in the UK and elsewhere by sector, region and industry typeAn account of the likely causes of absence and how they relate to individuals, jobs, organisations and wider factors.Consideration of the legal environment within which absence must b e managed.Examination of the equal opportunities implications of absence centering, which particular regard to the Employment Relations Act 1999.Discussion of the ways in which work index be made more flexible to suit the needs of both the employer and the employee.Consideration of how a scheme for managing absence might be developed.Examination of the range of tactics that an employer might employ for the management of absence.HOW TO MANAGE ABSENTEEISMBefore we discuss how to manage absenteeism we look the types of absenteeism. There are many other reasons why people take time off from work. These can be categorised as underNon permitted absence or continuous latenessLong-term sickness absenceShort-term sickness absence (uncertificated, self-certificated, or covered by a doctors fit note which replaced the sick note from April 2010)Other authorised absencesfor example,annual leave maternity, paternity, adoption, or maternal(p) leave time off for public or trade union duties, o r to care for dependents compassionate leave educational leave.Other than these supra categories of absenteeism there are two main types of absenteeism, know as short term absenteeism and long term absenteeism. We discuss in detail how to manage these two main types of absenteeismMANAGING SHORT-TERM ABSENCETemporary absence is also known as absence interventions. The most effective interventions in managing short term absence include the followingsA proactive absence management policyReturn-to-work interviewsDisciplinary procedures for unacceptable absence levelsInvolving trained pull managers in absence managementProviding sickness absence information to transmission channel managers close sick payInvolving occupational health schoolmastersThe most common method which is currently being adopted by many organisations is excrete-to-work interviews which can help identify short-term absence problems at an early stage. These return-to-work interviews provide an opportunity to mana gers to start a dialogue with staff over underlying issues, which might be causing the absence.Tim Holden, the Managing Director ofFLUID, draws on more than 10 years experience as an award-winning recruiter and trainer. FLUID works with organisations to enhance their drawing card to both current and future employees. Holden suggests thatThe use of corrective procedures for unacceptable absence may be used to make it clear to employees that unjustified absence will not be tolerated and that absence policies will be enforced.According to CIPDs recent survey it has been revealed that, only 12% of organisations use attendance incentives or bonuses as a tool of absence management according to our latest absence survey.MANAGING LONG-TERM ABSENCEThe current studies and researches on long term absence have shown that absence ofeight days or more justify about one thirdof total time lost through absence and absence of four weeks or more accounts for more than 15%. Consequently it is very vi tal that organisations have an approved strategy in place to help their employees to get back to work later a continuous period of sickness or injury-related absence. The knowledge of possible disability discrimination claims is also critical these days.LINE MANAGERS ROLETo control and reduce the causes of absenteeism, line managers have a substantial role to play, all directly or indirectly. How managers behave is very important because it has a substantive effect on employee health and comfort. Many recent researches show that line managers are the type of employees most likely to be reported as bullies within organisations. Management style within an organisation is also one of the top causes of stress at work.The role and responsibilities of the line manager in the management of absence should be clearly defined. However, these days the role of line managers is paramount. It is the line managers responsibility to manager his or her department or unit. thus it is his/her res ponsibility to see that these resources are used as effectively as possible. This means that levels of attendance should be good and absence kept to a minimum. The line managers should follow the companys approach to management style, organisation and allocation of work, as this will be a vital part of any strategy to control absence. In addition it is his/her responsibility to follow the company absence polices and procedures to staff.In any organisations the managers need good communications skills to encourage employees so that they can feel free to discuss any problems they may have at an early stage so that they can be given support or advice by the managers before matters escalate. According to all the recent studies and surveys it is stated that despite of all the importance of line manager/ supervisor involvement, there are only 50% organisations are training their line managers to get the skills needed to do this effectively. The organisations should train their line manage rs to get the following skills to handle the absenteeism properly and they should have a good knowledge ofTheir companys absence policies and proceduresWhat is their role in the absence management programmeHow to act upon any advice given by the doctor to the employee.All the related legal and disciplinal aspects of absence including potential disability discrimination issuesHow to maintain absence record-keeping and sense facts and figures on absenceThe role of occupational health servicesThe proactive measures to support staff health and wellbeingOperation (where applicable) of trigger pointsDevelopment of return-to-work interview skillsDevelopment of counselling skills.In addition, the line manager will be one of the main influences on an individuals view of the company attitude to absence. It is therefore important that the actions and words of line manager support the companys position. It a difference attitude is being taken on the management of absence, whether more strictl y or leniently, it will cause problems for the individual manager and for the organisation. get out managers must be able to rely on the support of fourth-year management for decision they take in line with the companys policy, their responsibilities are as underTo effectively organize and allocate workTo use an attach management styleTo warrant that all staff are capablely trained for their roleTo communicate the absence policy and procedures to all subordinatesTo apply policy and procedures in a consistent and fair mannerTo deal with requests for prior approved absenceTo keep accurate and up-to-date records of absencesTo investigate reasons for unexplained absencesTo view as out return to work interviewsTo instigate disciplinary procedures, when requiredTo provide adequate feedback to senior managementTo ensure adequate personal development and training to be able to meet these responsibilities effectively.To support staff health and wellbeing by taking proactive measures for occupational health involvementTo be a part of the absence management programmeBy restricting sick payTo changes work patterns or environmentTo induct rehabilitation programmeThere are also four typical components in the recovery of absence and return-to-work process, which are discussed as underAn up-to-date contact with sick employeesThe line manager should ensure that a regular contact is maintained using both handsome and non-intrusive approaches with the employee. This approach must be agreed with the member of staff and management and, also where appropriate, with the union or employee representative.Workplace controls or adjustmentsThere can be some obstacles which may cause delay, interruption or difficulties to an employees return to work. A guess appraisal can analyse measures or adjustments to assistant workers return and stay in work. For exampleAllowing a steady or step-by-step return-to-work, for example,promoting an employee from part-time job to full-time job over a period of weeksTo change work arrangement or management style to reduce work pressure and to give the worker more controlModifying the employees working hours, for example allowing flexible working hours to accommodate his/her family demandsCo-coordinating the employees mobility.The use of professional advice and treatmentThese days there are many occupational health professionals in every country, they can be consulted because they can play a major role to evaluate the reason for absenteeism, and also can carry out employees health assessments, and can assist the managers in preparation for a return to work.Return-to-work designingningThe management should have a return to work plan agreed by the employee and the line manager, and any other staff which is likely to be affected and this plan needs to includeThe goals of the plan, utility(a) working hours, or a alternative job roleThe time period of the planInformation about the new working arrangementsThe reviews that will need to be made to make sure the plan is put into practiceThe dates when the plan will be reviewedThis can be reformatory if the management appoint someone who can coordinate the return-to-work process. This also can include the colleagues of the absent worker who can inform him/her of the progress, so that everyone cherish the situation, as well as easing the alterations back to work and maintaining working relationships.TACTICS FOR CONTROLLING ABSENTEEISMThere are many tools that can be used as a part of a structured plan of absenteeism. We discuss some of the tools to control absenteeism. In practice, these tools will be used in isolation but more probably several will be used in combination.PRE-EMPLOYMENT SCREENINGAll reasonable locomote should be taken to ensure that the employed staff is likely to be good attenders. One of the best indicators of likely future attendance rates is past attendance rates as many employers believe that pre-employment cover is a vital tool in ab sence management. There are number of simple steps that an employer can take to reduce the risk of employing a poor attenderAsk for information about absence on the application. For example, How many days absence have you had over the last two years?Ask about absence on reference requests.Ensure that those invited for interview are made fully aware of the expectations of the job. This would include duties, hours of work, work environment, standards of performance and conduct. Avoid the temptation to oversell the job at interview as this will result in disappointment and disillusioned employees and they will be more likely to be absent.Use pre-employment medical examinations to identify any potential problems.Note that disablement is not a reason not to employ an applicant, and employers must take great care to observe the terms o

Virtual era- new features in marketing

practical(prenominal)(prenominal) era- smart features in merc founderiseVirtual Era- New Features In Marketing CapVirtual trade xl nine of the Worlds leading food, beverages, and consumer intersections companies cede joined hands to habitus the largest melody to stock e-Market place Transora.com. The newfangled comp whatever is the prototypic of its kind owned by the consumer products industry. Transora ordain help consumer products companies across the world to stream root assembly line exercises with their depraveers, suppliers and distri aloneors through and through the net income. Transoras operate lead span the entire release chain-from suppliers to manufactures to retailers-and provide procurement, vendor, and product catalogues, online order management, supply chain collaboration, and financial service. The companies take for committed nearly us $ 250 million for funding Transora (CBI News Bulletin, July/ portentous 2000)The buzz word viral merchandising and coral advertise and virtual trade refers to merchandise techniques that white plague pre- breathing social ne 2rks produce increase in brand aw beness or to achieve different trade objectives (such as product sales) through self replicating viral processes, analogues to the spread of ghoulish and computer viruses. It faecal matter be word of mouth delivered or intensify by the network effects of the net income. Viral promotions may take the form of video clips, interactive flash plot of grounds, Adver games, EBooks, brand able softw ar, views, or dismantle text messages.The goal of marketers takeed in creating successful viral merchandising programs is to identify individuals with high social networking emf and create viral messages that charm to this segment of the population and have a high probability of beingness taken by another competitor.The name viral merchandise or virtual market has been in like manner used pejoratively to refer to stealth m arket campaigns- the unscrupulous use of astroturfing on line combined with at a lower place market advertise in shopping centers to create the impression of unwritten word of mouth enthusiasm. net marketInternet merchandising in like manner referred to as marketing, clear marketing, online marketing or eMarketing is the marketing of products or service over the internet.The internet has brought media to a global audience. The interactive nature of internet marketing in ground of providing instant result and eliciting responses is a extraordinary quality of the medium. Internet marketing is sometimes affected to have a broader cathode-ray oscilloscope because it only refers to the internet, email, and wireless media, but it accepts management of digital customer entropy and electronic Customer human relationship Management (CRM) clay.Internet marketing ties together creative and technical aspects of the internet, including design, development, denote, and sales.I nternet marketing too refers to the placement of media along with variant stages of the Customer Engagement Cycle through try locomotive Marketing(SEM), appear Engine Optimization(SEO), banner ads on peculiar(prenominal) websites, email marketing, and web 2.0 strategies. In 2008 the New York Times, working with co name, published an initial depend to quantify the user selective info collected by large internet based companies. Counting four types of interactions with company websites in addition to the hits from advertisements served from advertising networks, the authors found the potential for collecting data upward of 2500 times on average per user per month.E-MarketingEMarketing is a gunman round of e pipeline that utilize electronic medium to perform marketing activities and achieve desired marketing objectives for an presidency. Internet marketing, interactive marketing, and alert marketing for example, be all the form of e marketing.E-BusinessEBusiness doer util izing electronic medium in everyday art activities. on that point ar several aims of involvement in when it comes to EBusiness. For example where mavin organization relies completely on e business the second one vogue chooses a mixed presence and means of doing business.DifferenceDifference amid E-Business, E-Commerce, And E-MarketingeBusiness is a very broad entity dealing with the entire complex system that comprises a business that uses electronic medium to perform or assistance its overall or specialized business activities.eCommerce is best described in a transactional scene. So for example an electronic transition of funds, knowledge, or cheer falls down the stairs the category handled by principles of eCommerce. Technically e commercialism is a quality of e businesseMarketing is likewise a offend of e business that involves electronic medium to achieve marketing objectives. E marketing is set on a strategical level in addition to traditional marketing and bus iness dodging.Difference Between E Marketing And Interactive MarketingeMarketing is a broader term that describes any marketing activity performed via electronic medium. Interactive marketing is generally a sub of eMarketing that involves a certain level of interaction.Difference Between E-Markeitng And Internet Or Web Marketing on that point is no real difference among eMarketing and internet or web marketing. up to now, with the arrival of mobile technologies such as PDAs and 3G mobile phones, as well as interactive television, both terms would see eMarketing and internet or web marketing as subtly different, for example chaffy Internet or web marketing is achieving marketing objectives through applying digital technologies. eMarketing is achieving marketing objectives through use of electronic communication theory technology.Whilst this distinction is wholly acceptable, it is difficult to see where the distinction lies between digital technologies and electronic communicatio ns technologies, especially with the convergence of technologies such as mobile devices.Advantages Of E-MarketingFollowing atomic number 18 some of the advantages of e marketingReduction in costs through automation and use of electronic media.Faster response to both marketers and the end user.Increased ability to measure and collect data.Opens the possible action to a market of one through individualizedization.Increased interactivity.Disadvantages Of E-MarketingFollowing are some disadvantages of eMarketinglack of personal approach ,Defensibility on technology,Security, privacy issues, bread and butter costs due to a constantly evolving environment,Higher transparency of set and increased expenditure promotion,Worldwide competition through globalization.E-Marketing PlaneMarketing political platform is a strategic document developed through abstract and explore and is aimed at achieving marketing objectives via electronic media. eMarketing syllabus represents a sub set of o rganizations overall marketing fancys supports the general business strategy. Every good eMarketing political platform must be developed in line with the organizations overall marketing plan.In a broad sense e marketers generally beget by analyzing the current micro- and macro economic accompaniment of the organization. eMarketers must let out both privileged and external factors when developing an e marketing plan as trends in both micro environment elements are set, suppliers, customers. Examples or macro environment are socio economic, political, demographics and legal factors. In order to mortify a viable e marketing solution, e marketers must first understand the current situation of the company and its environment, profile, segment the target market and then strategically position the products as to achieve optimal response with the target market. This is generally achieved through beat analysis. By assessing organizations strengths and weaknesses and tiltl at curr ent opportunities and threats one tail end devise an e marketing strategy that backside improve the organizations bottom line.E-Marketing(In Brief)eMarketing is essentially a dampen of marketing. barelyWhat is the difference between eMarketing and internet or web marketing?What are the eMarketing bastards? And how do marketers plan for eMarketing?The Ameri slew marketing association definition 2004 is as followsMarketing is an organizational power and a set of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer births in slip carriage that benefit the organization and its stakeh grayers.Therefore e marketing by its very nature is one aspect of an organizational function and a set of process for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer tellingships in ways that benefit the organization and its stakeholders. As such an aspect, eMarketing has its own approaches and tools that contribut e to the execution of marketing goals and objectives.This also helps us to differentiate between eMarkeitng and eCommerce, since eCommerce is alone acquire and marketing onlineWhat Are The E-Marketing Tools?The internet has a shape of tools to offer to the marketer.A company undersurface distribute via the internet e.g. amazon.com,A company can use the internet as a way of building and maintaining a customer relationship e.g. Dell.com,The coin collection part of a transaction could be done online e.g. electricity and telephone bills,Leads can be generated by attracting potential customers to sign up for short periods of time, before signing up for the long-term e.g. which.co.uk,The internet could be used for advertising e.g. Google Adwords, ultimately, the web can be used as a way of collecting consume responses e.g. as part of a voting system for a game show.How Do Marketers Plan For E-Marketing?There are two ways to feeling itAn actual organization may embark upon some e Markeitng as part of their marketing plan.An organization trades solely on the internet and so their marketing plan focuses purely on eMarketing.The marketing plan in any case is the next step, whether focused upon eMarketing or all, marketing. The next lessons focus upon a tailor-made eMarketing plan which conforms to the Acronym AOSTC from our generic marketing planning session land site Analysis For VIRTUAL MarketingThe situation analysis for eMarketing link ups the internal audit and competitor re wait. It answers the question where are we now in terms of our marketing (internal v/s external perspective)? The analysis literally considers your eMarkeitng situation by considering the fit between internal and external factors. There are similarities with traditional concepts and techniques, but you need to focus upon digital commerce. present we consider the 5ss of internet marketing, the customer life cycle, and the application of SWOT analysis.The Customer manners Cycle (CLC) The customer life cycle is a tool that universe and delivery of lifetime value to customers i.e. CLC looks at products and function that customers need end-to-end their lives. It is market oriented rather than product oriented. Key stages of the customer relationship are considered.SWOT Analysis-Ranked And WeightedSWOT analysis is a tool for auditing an organization and its environment. It is the first stage of planning and helps marketers to focus on find issues. SWOT stands for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. nigh of the problems that you may encounter with SWOT are as a result of one of its key benefits i.e. its flexibility. Since SWOT analysis can be used in a variety of scenarios, it has to be on the table. To overwhelm these issues, one should betroth a power SWOT.SWOT Analysis-Power SWOTSWOT analysis is a marketing audit that considers an organizations strengths, weaknesses opportunities and threats. Our introductory lesson gives you the introductor ys of how to contest your SWOT as you begin to learn about marketing tools. As you learn more about SWOT analysis, you will become aware(predicate) of a consider of potential limitations with this popular tool. This lesson aims to help you overcome potential pitfalls.Some of the problems that you may encounter with SWOT are as a result of one of its key benefits i.e. flexibility since SWOT analysis can be used in a variety of scenarios, it has to be flexible. until now this can lead to a number of anomalies. Problems with basis SWOT analysis can be orchestrateed using a more tiny power SWOT. Power is an acronym for personal experience, order, weighting, emphasizing dot, and membership priorities. This is how it works.How do you the marketing manager fit in relation with the SWOT analysis? You take up your experiences, skills, knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs to the audit. Your perception or simple gut feeling will pertain the SWOT.Often marketing managers will in adversely reverse opportunities and strengths, and threats and weaknesses. This is because the line between internal strengths and weaknesses, and external opportunities and threats is sometimes difficult to spot. For example, in relation to global warming and climate tilt, one could mistake environmentalism as a threat rather than a potential probability.Too often elements of a SWOT analysis are not weighted. Naturally some points will be more controversial than others, so weight the factors. One way would be to use percentages e.g. threat a=10%, threat b=70%, and threat =20 % they total 100%Detail, reasoning, and justification are often omitted from the SWOT analysis. Where one tends to find is that the analysis contains lists of single words. For example, under opportunities one might find the term technology. This stage word does not tell a reader very much. What is really meant is Technology enables marketers to impart via mobile devices close to the point of purchase. This provides the opportunity of a distinct combative advantage for our company. This will greatly assist you when deciding upon best to score and weight each element.Once detail has been added, and factors have been revived for weighting, you can then progress to give the SWOT analysis some strategic meaning i.e. you can begin to select those factors that will most greatly influence your marketing strategy albeit a mix of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threatens. Essentially you rank them highest to lowest, and then prioritize those with the highest rank e.g. where opportunity c= 60% opportunity a= 25% and opportunity b = 10% you marketing plan would address opportunity c first, and opportunity b last. It is primary(prenominal) to address opportunities primarily since your business should be market oriented. Then match strengths to opportunities and look for a fit. Address any gaps between current strengths and future opportunities. Finally attempt to rephrase threats as opportunitie s (as with global warming and climate change above), and address weaknesses so that they become strengths, Gap analysis would be bridge the gap between them.Competitor Research For Virtual Marketing (External Perspective)As you plan for eMarketing and during the plans implementation, one needs to play careful attention to the activities of competitors, so competitors research for eMarketing is essential when attempting to answer the question where are we now (external perspective). There are a number of approaches that can be employed, with the emphasis on each approach shifting depending upon the nature of our e business and market. Here are some key tools of competitor research for eMarketing.Use search engines.General topics such as Google, yahoo And msn lineament names of competitorsType industry, product or termSearch down in to a directory structure e.g. yahooSearch a competitors web site convergence information , press released, job opportunitiesPricing information Distribut ion information such as where to demoralise.Hunt for trade associationsSearch for personal scallywags or blogsDifferent perspective e.g. fans, ex-employees. e.g. www. blogger. com , www. myspace. com,www. youtube. Com.Ask your target market.Send question to named personnel, newsgroups, personal pages, mailing lists.Conduct a survey using.Buy secondary reports e.g. data monitors, mintel.Newsgroups and post queries,newsgroups on bulletin boards or forums Deja. com(Google) Read online financial informationresearch public companiesiii.co.uk ample upft.com upRead online war-ridden information.e.g. hoovers.com paid for, inusStudy demographic reportsstatistics.gov.uk/ census in upcensus.gov inus maestro source materialBusiness source elite, newspapers, Kellys compass.Monitor special interest materialBusiness source elite, newspaper, Kellys, compass.Monitor special interest material.E.g. marketing week (BSE), campaign (BSE), marketing (BSE).Use a professional detectiveEMarketing MixThe eMarketing mix is essentially the corresponding as the marketing mix. it is simply the adaption of price, place product, and promotion to the eMarketing context. Of course one could also include forcible evidence, people, and process when marketing planning for an online service. Below are a serial of lessons that consider how markets can apply the eMarketing mix to their organizations own product, service, brand, or solution.E marketing PriceThe eMarketing mix is simply an adaptation of the traditional marketing mix and P for price. However, the internet has influenced how online businesses price in a number of ways.E Marketing Place Place Tactics As circumstances Of The E-Marketing Mix.)The e marketing space consists of new internet companies that have emerged as the internet has developed, as well as those pre-existing companies that new employ eMarketing approaches as part of their overall marketing plan. For some companies the internet is an supererogatory epithelial duct that enhances or replaces their traditional channel of place.Pre Existing companies that have pick out eMarketingThese are traditional companies that trade on the internet,Banking and financial services e.g. HSBC bank. Banks and financial services have benefited tremendously from the popularity of internet usage. There is a mixed bag of new online banks and traditional banks, both offering online banking services. Essentially banks no semipermanent need to invest in high cost, high street selling unit i.e. old fashioned town-based banks. Labor costs have also been reduced since much of the traditional banking bureaucracy is done using it and the use of overseas call centers has meant that salaries are much lower. Software also means that customers can be retained by using Customer Relationship Management (CRM) eMarketing approaches.E marketing ProductConsidered product as part of the marketing mix. Two previous tools for product decision-making have been introduced- Product vivi fication Cycle (PLC) and the iii levels of a product. Both of these tools and equally applicable to the context of e marketing and can be easily applied to include e marketing and product.For example a product marketed solely online will go through a life cycle in the same unpredictable way as a product marketed through any traditional channel (PLC). Products marketed online will have a core benefit tot eh customer, be an actual tangible product, with augmentation that ads value such as insurance, warranties and so on three levels of a product). Although tools actually specify the term product, they can be easily commensurate to include brands. Services or solutions.E marketing product/business matrix (depicted below should be used in conjunction with Product Life Cycle (PLC) and the three levels of a product. It represents additional tools for audit that bridges existing businesses and new online start-us, and existing products and new products. It allows marketers to categories those marketing on the internet as an online extender, an online alternative, an online innovator (existing business), and Oran online innovator (online start-up). Let us look at it in more detailA- Online ExtenderAn on line extender is an existing business that has a strategy whereby it extends its marketing activities to the internet. It could be any traditional, terrestrial organization that has historically grown through using traditional channels of distribution to get existing products, brands, services, or solutions to market.B- Online AlternativesThe online alternative is a new start-up that uses the internet as an original channel of distribution to get products, brands, services or solutions, currently available elsewhere, to, arekt. Some segments may be better targeted with this online alternative for example remote or fragmented markets.C And D- Online InnovatorsOnline innovators come in two formsC- Online innovators are existing businesses that see a benefit to launch ing new and ripe products, brands, services or solutions online by leveraging new technology. Existing businesses have a wealth of knowledges and learning that underpin their moves onto the web. Remember, the internet is not a business paradigm shift (at last not yet) and so current business approaches are often adapted for the internet. Existing businesses have experience.D- Online innovators are start-ups that set apart the opportunities to launch new and innovative products, brands, services, or solutions online. Deposit not having as much knowledge and learning as some of their competitors, they are flexible and can move much more quickly. Start-ups often experience.We have already considered product as part of the marketing mix. Two previous tools for product decision- making have been introduced product life cycle and the three level of a product.E Marketing PromotionIt looks at ways of change magnitude the popularity of your website by looking at the internal optimization of the website itself. It considers many upshotant ways of building your traffic, including Search Engine Optimization (SEO) approaches.It looks at ways of increasing the popularity of your website by looking at external sources of internet advertising.Lesson internet marketing and promotion internet advertising.This lesson looks at ways of increasing the popularity of your website by looking at external sources of internet advertising.Pay per come home advertising Google ad words.Google ad words are a Cost per beat (CPC) online advertising program. Identically that means that you decide upon key word that relates well to your product or service.Using Googles tools, you price how much it would cost your per click for your chosen keyword- this could be lucent, $1.50 or more, depending on the popularity of the keyword. So the keyword marketing would be more expensive than the keyword marketing cheese china because of its level of popularity. You then allocate a budget, and pay Goo gle by credit card. You can require the length of your campaign, or end it as soon as the money in PPC management (Pay per Click Management) or recruit a substantiate Google awards professional.Adverts appear alongside Google search results- so go to Google and search for marketing. The ads appearance alongside the main search results are cps. Ads also appear on selected content websites-such as www.chichesteuk.com-look at the adverts along the top, and down the right hand column- this is where ads based upon the keyword chic ester would appear. You only pay for adverts that get clicked- not for page views- so you pay nothing if your advert is simply viewed.There is also an opportunity for Smart determine whereby you pay more for the advert if a sale is guaranteed e.g. you have a website based upon fishing- you write a review of a new type of fishing rod, the visitor then sees an ad for the same rod in an ad words text ad running on the same page then clicks on it and buys fro m the advertiser.Adwords is a very targeted and controllable way of online advertising hence the huge rises in income and profit for Google over recent times.EMarketing Price (Pricing Tactics As decompose Of The E-Marketing Mix.)The eMarketing mix is simply an adaption of the traditional marketing mix and P for price. However the internet has influenced how online businesses price in a number of ways. International pricing and competition give consumers access to the lowest price for any generic good. For example, British consumers benefit when get products from the United States since there is almost two dollar to the pound. Conversely this makes British goods more expensive to the American consumer. So it is cheap to buy spectacles from a us website and then to import them into the UK (even including transport costs and import taxes) Online auctions are a popular and innovative way of pricing, for example ebay. Here you register with the online auction company as a seller and/o r a buyer. You can place an compass point into auction where buyers bid against each other. The highest bidder wins. The auction websites takes a commission. The commission is factored into the price you pay. Greater access to pricing information, more quickly and in a format that makes pricing comparable and transparent. There are a number of sites that will compare and contrast prices for the same or similar goods and services e.g. prices on car insurance. Pricing could also include the cost of an online advertising medium such as Google ad words. Here an online supplier would buy a keyword located in a text or image based advert onto Googles own search engine or onto a website belonging to a Google publisher. For example you search term pilus candidness on Google and you are directed to a site about hair dressing. On this site is plenty of information about hair straightening, lay next to some contextual adverts. You click on the advert and you are taken to a site selling hai r dressing supplies. You buy the hair straightness and your supplier pay a small Pay-Per-Click fee which is split between Google and their publisher. This is factored into the price you pay.Traditional Pricing Tactics employ In E-MarketingOf course the internet marketers still has a whole excerption of the more traditional pricing approaches to choose from that can be adapted to eMarketing scenariosPremium Pricing E.g. Selling Music Via ITunes.Penetration pricing e.g. tolerant away free subscription to land grab market share for new start ups such as youtube.com and myspace.com.Economy pricing e.g. selling basic products and services online likes basic design or paperclips.Price skimming e.g. new product launches online such as albums or games.Psychological pricing e.g. products and services exchange at 99p or $99.99 (price point perspective).Product line pricing e.g. subscription 1 free, subscription 2 $10.00(with added value) and subscription 3 $49.99 for 10 year.Pricing va riations e.g. budget airlines selling tickets online where the first tickets bought are the cheapest, and the last ones bought tend to be more expensive. nonobligatory product pricing e.g. selling a holiday online with break down insurance. absorbed product pricing e.g. once you buy virus software from one brand, your updates must also come from them.Product bundle pricing e.g. buying internet access which comes with free online phone calls.Promotional pricing e.g. betting incentives, such as free dollars to gambles online for current customers that gamble on football game games to tempt them to play online pocker, or vouchers with codes sent by email as rewards e.g. Amazon.com.Geographical Pricing e.g. Microsoft pricing in different currencies in different international markets.Search Marketing Overture And YahooOverture is the yahoo equivalent of Googles ad words. Now known as yahoo Search marketing, overture has a series of sub-products that make up its internet marketing prog ram. Here some examples1) Sponsored search Displays your advert at the top of the search engine results. So your potential customers search for a keyword and your advert appears at the top of the results page. Again, as this ad words, the advertisers bid against each other to view as the position that will generate the most convertible traffic to their site. public keywords will cost more-obviously.2) Local advertising Gets your business listed in yahoos business directory. So if you wish to progress products in specific regions next to specific search keywords, this is a much targeted geographical services.Overture has many other similar services such as search submit, product submit, travel submit and director submit that could be considered. tie in MarketingAffiliate Marketing is where an organization offers and incentive to other web based organizations to market the products or services that it offers. So a company selling surfboards could have associate destinations. The harmonize program is supplied by one organization whereas the affiliate is the website that promotes on behalf of the supplying organization.Put simply affiliate marketing is a basic agency arrangement. There is rarely and pay per click cash, but affiliates tend to take a commission on any goods sold as a result of the click. What does it look like? Affiliate marketing sees a banners advert or a text advert fit(p) upon an affiliates website. When the advert attracts a click, the visitor is taken through to the site that originated the affiliated program. No cash changes hands until there is a sale, but affiliate rewards tend to be higher than regular pay per click.Commission unity (CJ) is a well known example of an affiliate marketing company. CJ acts as an intermediary between affiliate programs. Suppliers of all types and sizes. So if you have a successful website, that does well in the search engines and is popular with visitors, you such old register with CJ and place affil iate add on to your site.Offline promotions strategies.Of course to promote website you should also consider offline promotion strategies such as those used by non internet businesses. Our lesson store contains lessons on promotion (as part of the marketing mix) and also marketing communication (and its own mix) here selection of other suitable approaches to offline promotionCreate a media release or announce a media conference regarding yo

Literature Review of Risks Prevention of Pressure Sores

literature review article of Risks Prevention of Pressure SoresA review of literature provides the creation to continue for the contemplated research, an understanding of the status of the research in the problem landing field includes research approach, method, instrumentation, and summary. The literature review is organized under the following headings redirect examination associate to the preponderance of pressing in the altogetherReview related to the etiology and try factors of shove afflictiveReview related to the prevention of mash soreReview related to the bring offgivers of tweet soreReview link to prevalence of draw soreHendrichova.I et.al (2010) have done Retrospective analysis of 1414 clinical records of patients admitted over 6 months and found prevalence of pressure ulcers of 22.9 % and incidence of 6.7 %Forni C et. al (2009), conducted study regarding cohort study of the incidence of detent pressure sores in patients with leg casts at the Rizzoli ort hopedic infirmary and in any case the associated endangerment factors at Italy. He found that out of 216 patients 17.6% (38) developed a pressure sore 16/124 in orthopedic wards and 22/92 in cancer c be units. The related risk factors of pressure sore were noted are administration of anti neoplastic drugs (p = 0.033) OR = 2.61 pare redness before cast application (p = 0.001 OR = 4.44), reported symptoms by and by the application (p = 0.000 OR = 7.86). Most of the pressure sores were mainly in the lay out 1 and st mature II was 6/216 (2.4%).Voweden KR and Vowden.P (2009) conducted study regarding the prevalence of pressure ulcer, man festerment, equipment provision and outcome for patients with pressure ulceration and place in a wound care survey within one English health care district on 1000 population in the tertiary referrals and prevalence of 53.7 % were classed as stain 2 pressure ulcers, 48 % were grade I and only 35 % of grade 4. Pressure ulcers were identified throug h the critical incident form are only to the highest degree 11 % of pressure ulcers at hospital setup and gives the current Epidemiology of pressure ulcers.Harrow J.J et.al (2008) conducted study regarding pressure ulcers and occipital alopecia in operation Iraqi Freedom poly trauma casualties retrospective review from 2004- 2006 to detect the prevalence and cruelness of pressure-related injuries and stated that 38% of admissions to this hospital had pressure-related injuries on the day of admission. In which Casualties from Iraq had a higher rate of pressure ulcers (53%) than other area (22%). Occipital lesions accounts 50% of non-stage I pressure ulcers and more severe than of the sacrum or in the extremities.Review related to risk factors associated with the pressure ulcerLahmann N.A.et. al (2010) done, study regarding contact of prevention structures and processes on pressure ulcer prevalence in breast feeding homes and acute care hospitals, by the method of prevalence survey among 7377 residents in 60 nursing homes and also 28,102 clients with 82 acute-care hospitals at Germany by annual point prevalence surveys. Results noted are nosocomial prevalence judge in hospitals decreased from 26.3% during the first form to 11.3% in the last year (mainly in nursing homes from 13.7% to 6.4%). The usage of pressure ulcer-related structures conspicuous more during each repetition to more than 90%.Fisher A.R et. al (2004) conducted cross sectional prevalence studies among 535 patients regarding f pressure ulcers in adults in acute care settings at university teaching hospital, Canada and found the prevalence of pressure ulcers was 27% (at 95% confidence interval, 23-31%). Total Braden score below 17 and increase age were significantly associated with the presence of pressure ulcers and also found majority of the risk factors are increasing age, less activity level, friction and shear era seated or lying down were associated with hospital-acquired pressure ulc ers, only increasing age, friction and shear were associated with the presence of pressure ulcers in the whole sample. sylva M.S et.al (1998) conducted exploratory- descriptive study to identify, in the specialized literature, which predisposing conditions and risks factors would be related to the ontogeny of pressure ulcer, and to verify how often these predisposing conditions and risk factors would be present in bedridden patients, hospitalized in an institution and concluded that there is the need to innovation an instrument to measure this risk must suit our reality and that incorporates risk factors identified with a significant frequency in this study and are not contemplated in most of the available scales in the literature.Review related to the prevention of pressure soreBaldi et .al (2010) conducted study regarding Studying factors related to pressure ulcers prevention a marginal scale model for modelling heterogeneity among hospitals. in patients referred to several Ital ian hospitals, with the method of prevalence survey co ordinate through the European Pressure Ulcer Advisory jury among 12 000 hospitalized patients in Italy, and results shows that the prevention of pressure sore includes usage of Braden Scale, age and assistance- connected aspects, and usage of preventive equipment combined with a repositioning techniques.Wann-Hansson C et .al (2008) conducted study in sweedish University regarding Risk factors and prevention among clients with hospital-acquired and pre-existing pressure ulcers in an acute care hospital among adults in an acute care hospital compared with patients with pre-existing pressure ulcers present during admission with 535 clients and notified the prevalence rate of pressure ulcers were 27% (95% confidence interval, 23-31%).Shahin E.S (2008) conducted study regarding prevalence of pressure ulcer among intensive care cltients a cross sectional study at German with the sample of 1760 clients in order to assess the pressure ulcer prevalence among intensive care clients, and also found clients characteristics and preventive measures related to prevalence of pressure ulcer clients and to assess the most common sites of pressure ulcers. A result shows a mean prevalence rate was +/-30% from 2002 to 2005. The pressure sore prevalence was decreased to 16.2% in 2006 and half of the pressure ulcers were in grade 1. He has stated the significant association between the age and pressure ulcer (P

Kate OFlaherty Chopins Biography Essay -- essays research papers fc

Kate OFlaherty Chopin was born 8 February 1851 into a prominent family in St.Louis, Missouri. Her father, doubting Thomas OFlaherty, an Irish immigrant, was a successful St. Louis merchant who was killed in a force accident when Kate was only five years old. Kates mother, Eliza was left(a) a wealthy widow and raised Kate in a household "run by vigorous widows her mother, grandmother, and great-grandmother . . . a community of women who stressed learning, curiosity, and financial independence" (Toth, 187). Kate was formally educated at the Academy of the Sacred Heart in St. Louis where she kept a commonplace book "in which the thoughtful adolescent save themes that appear in her later fiction, among them womens roles and the conflict between desire and employment" (Toth, 187). On 9 June 1870, two years after graduating from the Academy, Kate married Oscar Chopin, the tidings of a planter from Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana. They were married for twelve and a ha lf years, expense nine in New Orleans and three in Cloutierville, Natchitoches Parish. During this time, Kate gave put up to five boys and one girl. "Devoting herself to her family and household, she still managed to reconcile the needs of her own macrocosm with the expectations of her conventional milieu. She dressed unconventionally and smoked cigarettes long before consume was an approved practice among women in her class" (Inge, 91). When Oscar died of malaria in 1882, he left Kate twelve thousand ...

Meddling Media :: essays research papers fc

I used to watch a sincerely comely TV program every weekend. It is a youth-oriented show if my memory serves me right. Athough I cannot remember the whole story any more, something we may call a mere make believe left an indelible mark in my memory. This is how it goes. Two of the many characters in the show were best of friends. They sh atomic number 18d their secrets to sensation another, fought for each other, and cared for one another. Well of course thats within the belief of the scriptwriter and the instructions of the director. Some people would think that those two artists are in truth best friends in real life because they portrayed their roles effectively. It so happened that I was able to watch a showbiz news the following day, and what I comprehend somehow caught my attention those two artists that I mentioned earlier were actually enemies in real life .At this point in time it is really hard to distinguish fallacy from reality. This is due to the very creative min ds of the ones that created the media. engineering is now at its peak and it steadily and rapidly advances that to the highest degree of the times, although scarcely a few notices, authenticity is gradually being covered up by clouds of erroneous beliefs. We are bombarded today by such a quantity of images that we can no longer distinguish direct live on from what we have seen for a few seconds on television. The memory is littered with bits and pieces of images, want a rubbish dump. This was said by Italo Calvino, a Cuban-born Italian novelist and short-story writer. though he died near 20 years ago, what he said is belatedly but surely taking its place in this world.Definitely, these media effects are now changing the mindset of our present generation furthermore these too alter their lifestyle. And these will certainly continue shifting lives in the pricey future.Media may come in different forms broadcasting, communication, journalism, multimedia, newspapers, periodicals and telecommunication. All of these play major(ip) roles in sometimes improving, but also destroying societies. But the one that has the most enormous upshot in our society is broadcasting, which includes in itself televisions and radios.Statistics shows estimation that almost 1.8 billion of radios and 800 million televisions are in use world wide. bonny imagine how many people it could reach in every undivided tick of a clock.

Te Great Gatsby :: Essays Papers

Te Great GatsbySettingThis tommyrot takes place at West fruitcake in Long Island, an unfashionable town. It is in the early 1900s.CharactersA. ding Carraway- chip is the story narrator. He is a young man from Minnesota who moves to the atomic number 99 after fighting in the First World War. He is Jay Gatsbys next-door neighbor.B. Jay Gatsby- Jay is the title character. He is a wealthy man who lives in a gothic mansion in West formal. He was born with the foretell Jay Gatz on farm in North Dakota. C. Daisy Buchanan- Daisy is nicks cousin. She is the muliebrity with whom Gatsby is in love. She lives right across from Gatsby with her husband tom turkey. She is bitter and a slight cynical.D. Tom Buchanan- Tom is Daisys husband. He is arrogant and hypocritical. E. Jordan Baker- Jordan is Daisys relay station who becomes romantically involved with Nick during the story. She is a talented golfer and cheated her way into winning her first tournament. F. Myrtle Wilson- Myrtle is Toms lover. Her husband George owns a run-down garage. SummaryLike the setting says, the story takes place at West Egg in Long Island. The narrator, Nick, is not like the people of West Egg. He drives out to East Egg to have dinner with his cousin Daisy and her husband Tom where he is introduced to Jordan Baker, the charr who he will begin a romantic relationship with. She informs Nick of Myrtle Wilson, Toms secret lover.As the summer goes on, Nick learns more or so his mysterious neighbor Gatsby. He throws extravagant parties at his mansion every Saturday night to impress the women he loves, Daisy. Nick arranges for Gatsby and Daisy to reunite. later on this they fall in love and start and affair. Tom finds out about his wifes wrongdoings and confronts Gatsby at a suite in the heart Hotel in New York. Tom claims that he and Daisy have a history that Gatsby could never understand. He also tells Daisy that Gatsbys fortune comes from bootlegging smuggled alc ohol and other criminal activities. On their way home Nick, Jordan and Tom discover that Gatsbys car struck and killed Myrtle, Toms lover. They move back to Long Island where Nick learns from Gatsby that Daisy was driving the car that struck Myrtle, only when Gatsby intends to take the blame.

Admissions Essay - My Long Route to Medical School -- Medicine College

Admissions Essay - My Long Route to Medical School I find always loved science and had planned a science move from an early age. However, life circumstances required me to follow a longer, less(prenominal) traditional route toward my goal, learning useful skills and gaining valuable experience on the way. From the quantify of my parents divorce, when I was eleven, I have had heavy family responsibilities. Initially, these responsibilities included warmth for my three younger brothers and sister, and maintaining our home, while my mother builded. I began to work as soon as I was able, as my income was required to help persist my family. I was fortunate to find work in a externalise framing shop, where I was allowed the flexibility to schedule my around full-time work hours around my classes in high school, and later, in college. In 1977, I entered genus Arizona State University with the goal of pursuing a career in veterinary surgeon medicine. However, I found it diff icult to achieve good grades, work nearly full-time, and attend to my responsibilities at home. After two years, it wa... ...ese skills include performing tasks efficiently, managing my time well, coping with stressful situations, being flexible, and functional hard for long hours. examine of this is my 3.84 GPA since returning to ASU in 1991, and achieved while maintaining a parenting role with my nephew and working as many as 70 hours per week. In addition, my years of meeting the public in the workplace have allowed me to develop good interpersonal skills. I believe that these qualities, along with my love of science, will enable me to acquire a competent and humane physician.